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The
Western Canon
Harold Bloom's
The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages
(New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994).
Click on any title below to search for more information on Amazon.
A. The Theocratic
Age: 2000 BCE-1321 CE
B. The Aristocratic Age: 1321-1832
C. The Democratic Age: 1832-1900
D. The Chaotic Age: 20th Century
A. The Theocratic Age
"Since the literary canon is at issue here, I include only
those religious, philosophical, historical, and scientific writings
that are themselves of great aesthetic interest. I would think that,
of all the books that are in this first list, once the reader is
conversant with the Bible, Homer, Plato, the Athenian dramatists,
and Virgil, the crucial work is the Koran....
"I have included
some Sanskrit works, scriptures and fundamental literary texts,
because of their influence on the Western canon. The immense wealth
of ancient Chinese literature is mostly a sphere apart from Western
literary tradition and is rarely conveyed adequately in the translations
available to us." (p. 531)
The Ancient Near East
The
Epic of Gilgamesh
Egyptian
Book of the Dead
Holy
Bible (King James Version)
The
Apocrypha
Sayings
of the Fathers (Pirke Aboth)
Ancient India (Sanskrit)
Mahabharata
Bhagavad-Gita
Ramayana
The Ancient Greeks
Homer. Iliad;
Odyssey
Hesiod. Works
and Days; Theogony
Archilochos
Sappho, Alkman
Pindar. Odes
Aeschylus. Oresteia;
Seven
Against Thebes; Prometheus
Bound; Persians
Aeschylus. Suppliant
Women
Sophocles. Oedipus
the King; Oedipus
at Colonus; Antigone;
Electra
Sophocles. Ajax;
Women
of Trachis; Philoctetes
Euripides. Cyclops;
Heracles;
Alcestis;
Hecuba
Euripedes. Bacchae;
Orestes;
Andromache;
Medea;
Ion;
Hippolytus;
Helen;
Iphigenia
at Aulis
Aristophanes. The
Birds; The
Clouds; The
Frogs; Lysistrata
Arisotophanes. The
Knights; The
Wasps; The
Assemblywomen
Herodotus. The
Histories
Thucydides. The
Peloponnesian Wars
The Pre-Socratics (Heraclitus, Empedocles)
Plato. Dialogues
Aristotle. Poetics;
Ethics
Hellenistic Greeks
Menander. The
Girl from Samos
Longinus. On
the Sublime
Callimachus. Hymns
and Epigrams
Theocritus. Idylls
Plutarch. Lives;
Moralia
Aesop. Fables
Lucian. Satires
The Romans
Plautus. Pseudolus;
The
Braggart Soldier; The
Rope; Amphitryon
Terence. The
Girl from Andros; The
Eunuch; The
Mother-in-Law
Lucretius. The
Way Things Are
Cicero. On
the Gods
Horace. Odes;
Epistles;
Satires
Persius. Satires
Catullus. Attis
and Other Poems
Virgil. Aeneid;
Eclogues;
Georgics
Lucan. Pharsalia
Ovid. Metamorphoses;
The
Art of Love; Heroides
Juvenal. Satires
Martial. Epigrams
Seneca. Tragedies,
particularly Medea and Hercules Furens
Petronius. Satyricon
Apuleius. The
Golden Ass
The Middle Ages: Latin, Arabic, and the
Vernacular Before Dante
Augustine, Saint. City
of God; Confessions
The
Koran (Al-Qur'an)
The
Book of the Thousand Nights and One Nights
The
Poetic Edda
Snorri Sturluson. The
Prose Edda
The
Nibelungen Lied
Eschenbach, Wolfram von. Parzival
Troyes, Chrétien de. Yvain:
The Knight of the Lion
Beowulf
The
Poem of the Cid,
Pisan, Christine de. The
Book of the City of Ladies
Pedro, Diego de San. Prison
of Love
B. The Aristocratic Age
"It is a span of five hundred years from Dante's Divine Comedy
through Goethe's Faust, Part Two [1321-1832], an era that gives
us a huge body of reading in five major literatures: Italian, Spanish,
English, French, and German. In this and in the remaining lists,
I sometimes do not mention individual works by a canonical master,
and in other instances I attempt to call attention to authors and
books that I consider canonical but rather neglected. From this
list onward, many good writers who are not quite central are omitted...."
(p. 534)
Italy
Dante. The
Divine Comedy; The
New Life
Petrarch. Lyric
Poems; Selections
Boccaccio, Giovanni. The
Decameron
Boiardo, Matteo Maria. Orlando
Innamorato
Ariosto, Ludovico. Orlando
Furioso
Buonarroti, Michelangelo. Sonnets
and Madrigals
Machiavelli, Niccolò. The
Prince; The
Mandrake, a Comedy
Vinci, Leonardo da. Notebooks
Castiglione, Baldassare. The
Book of the Courtier
Stampa, Gaspara. Sonnets
and Madrigals
Vasari, Giorgio. Lives
of the Painters
Cellini, Benvenuto. Autobiography
Tasso, Torquato. Jerusalem
Delivered
Bruno, Giordano. The
Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast
Campanella, Tommaso. Poems;
The
City of the Sun
Vico, Giambattista. Principles
of a New Science
Goldoni, Carlo. The
Servant of Two Masters
Alfieri, Vittorio. Saul
Portugal
Camoëns, Luis de. The
Lusiads
Ferreira, Antònio. Poetry
Spain
Manrique, Jorge. Coplas
Rojas, Fernando de. La
Celestina
Anonymous. Lazarillo
de Tormes.
Quevedo, Francisco de. Visions;
Satirical
Letter of Censure
León, Fray Luis de. Poems
Cross, St. John of the. Poems
Góngora, Luis de. Sonnets;
Soledades
Cervantes, Miguel de. Don
Quixote; Exemplary
Stories
Vega, Lope de. La
Dorotea; Fuente
Ovejuna; Lost
in a Mirror; The
Knight of Olmedo
Molina, Tirso de. The
Trickster of Seville
Barca, Pedro Calderón de la. Life
is a Dream; The
Mayor of Zalamea; The
Mighty Magician; The
Doctor of His Own Honor
Cruz, Sor Juana Inés de la. Poems
England and Scotland
Chaucer, Geoffrey. The
Canterbury Tales; Troilus
and Criseyde
Malory, Sir Thomas. Le
Morte D'Arthur
Dunbar, William. Poems
Skelton, John. Poems
More, Sir Thomas. Utopia
Wyatt, Sir Thomas. Poems
Surrey, Henry Howard, Earl of. Poems
Sidney, Sir Philip. The
Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia; Astrophel
and Stella; An
Apology for Poetry
Brooke, Fulke Greville, Lord. Poems
Spenser, Edmund. The
Faerie Queene; The
Minor Poems
Ralegh, Sir Walter. Poems
Marlowe, Christopher. Poems
and Plays
Drayton, Michael. Poems
Daniel, Samuel. Poems;
A
Defence of Ryme
Nashe, Thomas. The
Unfortunate Traveller
Kyd, Thomas. The
Spanish Tragedy
Shakespeare, William. Plays
and Poems
Campion, Thomas. Songs
Donne, John. Poems;
Sermons
Jonson, Ben. Poems,
Plays, and Masques
Bacon, Francis. Essays
Burton, Robert. The
Anatomy of Melancholy
Browne, Sir Thomas. Religio
Medici; Hydriotaphia,
or Urne-Buriall; The
Garden of Cyrus
Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan
Herrick, Robert. Poems
Carew, Thomas. Poems
Lovelace, Richard. Poems
Marvell, Andrew. Poems
Herbert, George. The
Temple
Traherne, Thomas. Centuries,
Poems, and Thanksgivings
Vaughan, Henry. Poetry
Rochester, John Wilmot, Earl of. Poems
Crashaw, Richard. Poems
Fletcher, Francis Beaumont and John. Plays
Chapman, George. Comedies,
Tragedies, Poems
Ford, John. 'Tis
Pity She's a Whore
Marston, John. The
Malcontent
Webster, John. The
White Devil; The
Duchess of Malfi
Rowley, Thomas Middleton and William. The
Changeling
Tourneur, Cyril. The
Revenger's Tragedy
Massinger, Philip. A
New Way to Pay Old Debts
Bunyan, John. The
Pilgrim's Progress
Walton, Izaak. The
Compleat Angler
Milton, John. Paradise
Lost; Paradise
Regained; Lycidas,
Comus, and the Minor Poems; Samson
Agonistes; Areopagitica
Aubrey, John. Brief
Lives
Taylor, Jeremy. Holy
Dying
Butler, Samuel. Hudibras
Dryden, John. Poetry
and Plays; Critical
Essays
Otway, Thomas. Venice
Preserv'd
Congreve, William. The
Way of the World; Love
for Love
Swift, Jonathan. A
Tale of a Tub; Gulliver's
Travels; Shorter
Prose Works; Poems
Etherege, Sir George. The
Man of Mode
Pope, Alexander. Poems
Gay, John. The
Beggar's Opera
Boswell, James. Life
of Johnson; Journals
Johnson, Samuel. Works
Gibbon, Edward. The
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
Burke, Edmund. A
Philosophical Enquiry into the Sublime and Beautiful; Reflections
on the Revolution in France
Morgann, Maurice. An
Essay on the Dramatic Character of Sir John Falstaff
Collins, William. Poems
Farquhar, George. The
Beaux' Strategem; The
Recruiting Officer
Wycherley, William. The
Country Wife; The
Plain Dealer
Smart, Christopher. Jubilate
Agno; A
Song to David
Goldsmith, Oliver. The
Vicar of Wakefield; She
Stoops to Conquer; The
Traveller; The
Deserted Village
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley. The
School of Scandal; The
Rivals
Cowper, William. Poetical
Works
Crabbe, George. Poetical
Works
Defoe, Daniel. Moll
Flanders; Robinson
Crusoe; A
Journal of the Plague Year
Richardson, Samuel. Clarissa;
Pamela;
Sir
Charles Grandison
Fielding, Henry. Joseph
Andrews; The
History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
Smollett, Tobias. The
Expedition of Humphry Clinker; The
Adventures of Roderick Random
Sterne, Laurence. The
Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman; A
Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy
Burney, Fanny. Evelina
Steele, Joseph Addison and Richard. The
Spectator
France
Froissart, Jean. Chronicles;
The
Song of Roland
Villon, François. Poems
Montaigne, Michel de. Essays
Rabelais, François. Gargantua
and Pantagruel
Navarre, Marguerite de. The
Heptameron
Bellay, Joachim Du. The
Regrets
Scève, Maurice. Délie
Ronsard, Pierre. Odes,
Elegies, Sonnets
Commynes, Philippe de. Memoirs
d'Aubigné, Agrippa. Les
Tragiques
Garnier, Robert. Mark
Antony; The
Jewesses
Corneille, Pierre. The
Cid; Polyeucte;
Nicomède;
Horace;
Cinna;
Rodogune
Rochefoucauld, François de La. Maxims
Fontaine, Jean de La. Fables
Moliere. The
Misanthrope; Tartuffe;
The
School for Wives
Moliere. The
Learned Ladies; Don
Juan; School
for Husbands; Ridiculous
Precieuses; The
Would-Be Gentleman
Moliere. The
Miser; The
Imaginary Invalid
Pascal, Blaise. Pensées
Bosuet, Jacques-Bénigne. Funerary
Orations
Boileau-Despréaux, Nicolas. The
Art of Poetry; Lutrin
Racine, Jean. Phaedra;
Andromache;
Britannicus;
Athaliah
Marivaux, Pierre Carlet de. Seven
Comedies
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. The
Confessions; Émile;
La
Nouvelle Héloïse
Voltaire. Zadig;
Candide;
Letters
on England; The
Lisbon Earthquake
Prevost, Abbe. Manon
Lescaut
Fayette, Madame de La. The
Princess of Cleves
Chamfort, Sébastien-Roch Nicolas de. Products
of the Perfected Civilization
Diderot, Denis. Rameau's
Nephew
Laclos, Choderlos de. Dangerous
Liaisons
Germany
Erasmus. In
Praise of Folly
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. Faust,
Parts One and Two; Dichtung
und Wahrheit; Egmont
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. Elective
Affinities; The
Sorrows of Young Werther; Poems;
Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship; Wilhelm
Meister's Years of Wandering
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. Italian
Journey; Verse
Plays; Hermann
and Dorothea; Roman
Elegies
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. Venetian
Epigrams; West-Eastern
Divan
Schiller, Friedrich. The
Robbers; Mary
Stuart; Wallenstein;
Don
Carlos; On
the Naïve and Sentimental in Literature
Lessing, Gotthold. Laocoön;
Nathan
the Wise
Hölderlin, Freidrich. Hymns
and Fragments; Selected
Poems
Kleist, Heinrich von. Five
Plays; Stories
C. The Democratic Age
"I have located Vico's Democratic Age in the post-Goethean
nineteenth century, when the literature of Italy and Spain ebbs,
yielding eminence to England with its renaissance of the Renaissance
in Romanticism, and to a lesser degree to France and Germany. This
is also the era where the strength of both Russian and American
literature begins." (p. 540)
Italy
Foscolo, Ugo. On
Sepulchres; Last
Letters of Jacopo Ortis; Odes
and The Graces
Manzoni, Alessandro. The
Betrothed; On
the Historical Novel
Leopardi, Giacomo. Essays
and Dialogues; Poems;
The
Moral Essays
Belli, Giuseppe Gioacchino. Roman
Sonnets
Carducci, Giosué. Hymn
to Satan; Barbarian
Odes; Rhymes and Rhythms
Verga, Giovanni. Little
Novels of Sicily; Mastro-Don Gesualdo;
The
House by the Medlar Tree; The
She-Wolf and Other Stories
Spain and Portugal
Bécquer, Gustavo Adolpho. Poems
Galdós, Benito Pérez. Fortunata
and Jacinta
(Clarín), Leopoldo Alas. La
Regenta
Queirós, José Maria de Eça de. The
Maias
France
Constant, Benjamin. Adolphe;
The
Red Notebook
Chateaubriand, François-Auguste-René de. Attala;
René;
The
Ge nius of Christianity
Lamartine, Alphonse de. Meditations
Vigny, Alfred de. Chatterton;
Poems
Hugo, Victor. The
Distance, the Shadows: Selected Poems; Les
Misérables
Hugo, Victor. Notre-Dame
of Paris; William
Shakespeare; The Toilers of the Sea; The
End of Satan; God
Musset, Alfred de. Poems;
Lorenzaccio
Nerval, Gérard de. The
Chimeras; Sylvie;
Aurelia
Gautier, Théophile. Mademoiselle
de Maupin; Enamels
and Cameos
Balzac, Honoré de. The
Girl with the Golden Eyes; Louis
Lambert; The
Wild Ass's Skin
Balzac, Honoré de. Old
Goriot; Cousin
Bette; A
Harlot High and Low; Eugénie Grandet; Ursule
Mirouet
Stendhal. On
Love; The
Red and the Black; The Charterhouse of Parma
Flaubert, Gustave. Madame
Bovary; Sentimental
Education; Salammbô; A
Simple Soul
Sand, George. The
Haunted Pool
Baudelaire, Charles. Flowers
of Evil; Paris
Spleen
Mallarmé, Stéphane. Selected
Poetry and Prose
Verlaine, Paul. Selected
Poems
Rimbaud, Arthur. Complete
Works
Corbière, Tristan. Les
Armours Jaunes
Laforgue, Jules. Selected
Writings
Maupassant, Guy de. Selected
Short Stories
Zola, Émile. Germinal;
L'Assommoir;
Nana
Scandinavia
Ibsen, Henrik. Brand;
Peer
Gynt; Emperor
and Galilean; Hedda
Gabler; The
Master Builder; The
Lady from the Sea; When
We Dead Awaken
Strindberg, August. To
Damascus; Miss
Julie; The
Father; The
Dance of Death; The
Ghost Sonata; A
Dream Play
Great Britain
Burns, Robert. Poems
Blake, William. Complete
Poetry and Prose
Wordsworth, William. Poems;
The
Prelude
Scott, Sir Walter. Waverley;
The
Heart of Midlothian; Redgauntlet; Old
Mortality
Austen, Jane. Pride
and Prejudice; Emma;
Mansfield
Park; Persuasion
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. Poems
and Prose
Wordsworth, Dorothy. The
Grasmere Journal
Hazlitt, William. Essays
and Criticism
Byron, Lord. Don
Juan; P
oems
Landor, William Savage. Poems;
Imaginary
Conversations
Quincey, Thomas De. Confessions
of an English Opium Eater; Selected
Prose
Lamb, Charles. Essays
Edgeworth, Maria. Castle
Rackrent
Galt, John. The
Entail
Gaskell, Elizabeth. Cranford;
Mary
Barton; North
and South
Hogg, James. The
Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner
Maturin, Charles. Melmoth
the Wanderer
Shelley, Percy Bysshe. Poems;
A
Defence of Poetry
Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft. Frankenstein
Clare, John. Poems
Keats, John. Poems
and Letters
Beddoes, Thomas Lovell. Death's
Jest-Book; Poems
Darley, George. Nepenthe;
Poems
Hood, Thomas. Poems
Wade, Thomas. Poems
Browning, Robert. Poems;
The
Ring and the Book
Dickens, Charles. The
Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club; David
Copperfield; The
Adventures of Oliver Twist
Dickens, Charles. A
Tale of Two Cities; Bleak
House; Hard
Times; Nicholas
Nickleby; Dombey
and Son; Great
Expectations; Martin
Chuzzlewit; Christmas
Stories; Little
Dorrit; Our
Mutual Friend; The
Mystery of Edwin Drood
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord. Poems
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel. Poems
and Translations
Matthew Arnold. Poems;
Essays
Clough, Arthur Hugh. Poems
Rossetti, Christina. Poems
Peacock, Thomas Love. Nightmare
Abbey; Gryll
Grange
Hopkins, Gerald Manley. Poems
and Prose
Carlyle, Thomas. Selected
Prose; Sartor
Resartus
Ruskin, John. Modern
Painters; The
Stones of Venice; Unto This Last; The
Queen of the Air
Pater, Walter. Studies
in the History of the Renaissance; Appreciations;
Imaginary
Portraits; M
arius the Epicurean
FitzGerald, Edward. The
Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam
Mill, John Stuart. On
Liberty; Autobiography
Newman, John Henry. Apologia
pro Vita Sua; A
Grammar of Assent; The
Idea of a University
Trollope, Anthony. The
Barsetshire Novels; The
Palliser Novels; Orley
Farm; The
Way We Live Now
Carroll, Lewis. Complete
Works
Lear, Edward. Complete
Nonsense
Gissing, George. New
Grub Street
Swinburne, Algernon Charles. Poems
and Letters
Brontë, Charlotte. Jane
Eyre; Villette
Brontë, Emily. Poems;
Wuthering
Heights
Thackeray, William Makepeace. Vanity
Fair; The
History of Henry Esmond
Meredith, George. Poems;
The
Egoist
Thompson, Francis. Poems
Johnson, Lionel. Poems
Bridges, Robert. Poems
Chesterton, Gilbert Keith. Collected
Poems; The
Man Who Was Thursday
Butler, Samuel. Erewhon;
The
Way of All Flesh
Gilbert, W. S.. Complete
Plays of Gilbert and Sullivan; Bab
Ballads
Collins, Wilkie. The
Moonstone; The
Woman in White; No
Name
Patmore, Coventry. Odes
Thomson, James (Bysshe Vanolis). The
City of the Dreadful Night
Wilde, Oscar. Plays;
The
Picture of Dorian Gray; The
Artist as Critic; Letters
Davidson, John. Ballads
and Songs
Dowson, Ernest. Complete
Poems
Eliot, George. Adam
Bede; Silas
Marner; The
Mill on the Floss; Middlemarch;
Daniel
Deronda
Stevenson, Robert Louis. Essays;
Kidnapped;
Dr.
Jekyll and Mr. Hyde; Treasure
Island; The
New Arabian Nights
Stevenson, Robert Louis. The
Master of Ballantrae; Weir
of Hermiston
Morris, William. Early
Romances; Poems;
The
Earthly Paradise; The
Well at the World's End; News
from Nowhere
Stoker, Bram. Dracula
Macdonald, George. Lilith;
At
the Back of the North Wind
Germany
Novalis (Friedrich von Hardenburg). Hymns
to the Night; Aphorisms
Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm. Fairy
Tales
Mörike, Eduard. Selected
Poems; Mozart
on His Way to Prague
Storm, Theodor. Immensee;
Poems
Keller, Gottfried. Green
Henry; Tales
Hoffmann, E. T. A.. The
Devil's Elixir; Tales
Gotthelf, Jeremias. The
Black Spider
Stifter, Adalbert. Indian
Summer; Tales
Schlegel, Friedrich. Criticism
and Aphorisms
Büchner, Georg. Danton's
Death; Woyzeck
Heine, Heinrich. Complete
Poems
Wagner, Richard. The
Ring of the Nibelung
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The
Birth of Tragedy; Beyond
Good and Evil; On
the Genealogy of Mo rals; The
Will to Power
Fontane, Theodor. Effi
Briest
George, Stefan. Selected
Poems
Russia
Pushkin, Aleksandr. Complete
Prose Tales; Complete
Poetry; Eugene Onegin; Narrative
Poems; Boris
Godunov
Gogol, Nikolay. The
Complete Tales; Dead
Souls; The Government Inspector
Lermontov, Mikhail. Narrative
Poems; A
Hero of Our Time
Aksakov, Segey. A
Family Chronicle
Herzen, Aleksandr. My
Past and Thoughts; From
the Other Shore
Goncharov, Ivan. The
Frigate Pallada; Oblomov
Turgenev, Ivan. A
Sportsman's Notebook; A
Month in the Country; Fathers
and Sons; On
the Eve; First
Love
Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Notes
from the Underground; Crime
and Punishment; The Idiot; The
Possessed (The Devils); The
Brothers Karamazov; Short
Novels
Tolstoy, Leo. The
Cossacks; War
and Peace; Anna
Karenina; A
Confession; The
Power of Darkness; Short
Novels
Leskov, Nikolay. Tales
Ostrovsky, Aleksandr. The
Storm
Chernyshevsky, Nikolay. What
is to Be Done?
Blok, Aleksandr. The
Twelve and Other Poems
Chekhov, Anton. The
Tales; The
Major Plays
The United States
Irving, Washington. The
Sketch Book
Bryant, William Cullen. Collected
Poems
Cooper, James Fenimore. The
Deerslayers
Whittier, John Greenleaf. Collected
Poems
Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Nature;
Essays;
Representative
Men; The
Conduct of Life; Journals;
Poems
Dickinson, Emily. Complete
Poems
Whitman, Walt. Leaves
of Grass, first edition; Leaves
of Grass, third edition; The
Complete Poems ; Specimen
Days
Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The
Scarlet Letter; Tales
and Sketches; The
Marble Faun; Notebooks
Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick;
The
Piazza Tales; Billy
Budd; Collected
Poems; Clarel
Poe, Edgar Allen. Poetry
and Tales; Essays
and Reviews; The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym;
Eureka
Very, Jones. Essays
and Poems
Tuckerman, Frederick Goddard. The
Cricket and Other Poems
Thoreau, Henry David. Walden;
Poems;
Essays
Dana, Richard Henry. Two
Years Before the Mast
Douglass, Frederick. Narrative
of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. Selected
Poems
Lanier, Sidney. Poems
Parkman, Francis. France
and England in North America; The
California and Oregon Trail
Adams, Henry. The
Education of Henry Adams; Mont
Saint-Michel and Chartres
Bierce, Ambrose. Collected
Writings
Alcott, Louisa May. Little
Women
Chesnutt, Charles W.. The
Short Fiction
Chopin, Kate. The
Awakening
Howells, William Dean. The
Rise of Silas Lapham; A
Modern Instance
Crane, Stephen. The
Red Badge of Courage; Stories
and Poems
James, Henry. The
Portrait of a Lady; The
Bostonians; The
Princess Casamassima; The
Awkward Age; Short
Novels and Tales; The
Ambassadors; The
Wings of the Dove; The
Golden Bowl
Frederic, Harold. The
Damnation of Theron Ware
Twain, Mark. Complete
Short Stories; The
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; The
Devil's Racetrack; N
umber Forty-Four: The Mysterious Stranger; Pudd'nhead
Wilson
Twain, Mark. A
Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
James, William. The
Varieties of Religious Experience; Pragmatism
Norris, Frank. The
Octopus
Jewett, Sarah Orne. The
Country of the Pointed Firs and Other Stories
Stickney, Trumbull. Poems
D. The Chaotic Age: A Canonical Prophecy
"I am not as confident about this list as the first three.
Cultural prophecy is always a mug's game. Not all of the works here
can prove to be canonical; literary overpopulation is a hazard to
many among them. But I have neither excluded nor included on the
basis of cultural politics of any kind." (p. 548)
Italy
Pirandello, Luigi. Naked
Masks: Five Plays
D'Annunzio, Gabriele. Maia:
In Praise of Life
Campana, Dino. Orphic
Songs
Saba, Umberto. Stories
and Recollections; Poems
Lampedusa, Giuseppe Tomasi di. The
Leopard
Ungaretti, Giuseppe. Selected
Poems; The
Buried Harbour: Selected Poems
Montale, Eugenio. The
Storm and Other Things: Poems; The
Occasions: Poems; Cuttlefish
Bone s: Poems; Otherwise:
Last and First Poems; The Second Life of Art:
Selected Essays
Quasimodo, Salvatore. Selected
Writings: Poems and Discourse on Poetry
Landolfi, Tommaso. |
